INTRODUCTION

OVERVIEW:

The objectives of this report is to proposed IoT based Smart Farming System which will enable farmers to have live data of soil moisture environment temperature at very low cost so that live monitoring can be done. The structure of the report is as follows: chapter I will cover over of overview of IoT Technology and agriculture-concepts and definition, IOT enabling technologies, IOT application in agriculture, benefits of IOT in agriculture and IOT and agriculture current scenario and future forecasts. Chapter II will cover definition of IOT based smart farming system , the components and modules used in it and working principal of it. Chapter III will cover algorithm and flowchart of the overall process carried out in the system and its final graphical output .chapter IV consist of conclusion, future scope and references.

IOT: CONCEPT AND DEFINITION

Internet of things IOT consists of two words Internet and Things .The term things in IOT refers to various IOT devices having unique identities and have capabilities to perform remote sensing , actuating and live monitoring of certain sort of data.IOT devices are also enable to have live exchange of data with other connected devices and application either directly or indirectly , or collected data from other devices and  :”A dynamic Global Network Infrusture with self configuring capabilities based on standard and inter operable communication to protocol where physical and virtual things have identities, physical attributes ,and virtual personalities and use intelligent interfaces and are seamlessly integrated into the information network ,often communicate data associated with user and their environment.” An ideal IoT device consists of various interfaces for making connectivity to other devices which can either be wired or wireless.

BENEFITS OF IOT IN AGRICULTURE

The following are the benefits of IoT in Agriculture:

1. IoT enables easy collection and management of tons of data collected from sensors and with integration of cloud computing services like Agriculture fields maps, cloud storage etc., data can be accessed live from anywhere and everywhere enabling live monitoring and end to end connectivity among all the parties concerned.

2. IoT is regarded as key component for Smart Farming as with accurate sensors and smart equipment’s, farmers can increase the food production by 70% till year 2050 as depicted by experts.

3. With IoT productions costs can be reduced to a remarkable level which will in turn increase profitability and sustainability.

4. With IoT, efficiency level would be increased in terms of usage of Soil, Water, Fertilizers, Pesticides etc.

5. With IoT, various factors would also lead to the protection of environment.  

DEFINITION IOT BASED SMART FARMING SYSTEM

IoT based SMART FARMING SYSTEM is regarded as IoT gadget focusing on Live Monitoring of Environmental data in terms of Temperature, Moisture and other types depending on the sensors integrated with it. The system provides the concept of “Plug & Sense” in which farmers can directly implement smart farming by as such putting the System on the field and getting Live Data feeds on various devices like Smart Phones, Tablets etc. and the data generated via sensors can be easily shared and viewed by agriculture consultants anywhere remotely via Cloud Computing technology integration. The system also enables analysis of various sorts of data via Big Data Analytics from time to time.

COMPONENTS AND MODULES

In this section, various components and Modules being used for IoT based SMART FARMING SYSTEM development is discussed: 

ARDUINO UNO

WIFI MODULE-ESP 8266

SENSORS

TEMPERATURE SENSOR-DS18B20

SOIL MOISTURE SENSOR-FC 28

POWER SUPPLY

RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

EXTERNAL AC ADAPTER

CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION & WORKING PRINCIPAL

In this circuit there is a programmed ARDUINO which is connected with sensors(soil moisture and temperature)and a wifi module .The working principal of the model based on storing data from the sensors with the help of ARDUINO and passing it to wifi module .The wifi module gives the updates of data in a device through cloud computing. In the device the real time data comes through wifi to the channel named SMART FARMING which we can access through the URL :https//:thingspeaks.com/channels/625454.In the channel the graph is plotted through mat lab technology .There is a chargeable battery which connected with the power supply of ARDUINO so that the circuit start working. There is also charging circuit with AC/DC converter for charging battery .In the case if the battery is not charged there further an adaptor which can explicitly gives power to ARDUINO circuits. 

ALOGORITHM

 THE ALGORITHM OF OVERALL PROCESS:-

STEP 1: START THE PROCESS

STEP 2: CONNECTED TO WIFI STEP

3: READ TEMERATURE AND HUMIDITY

STEP 4: GET TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY VALUE S FROM ANOLOG PINS

STEP 5: SEND DATA TO THINGSPEAK API

STEP 6: DELAY TO 10 SECONDS

STEP 7: REPEAT STEP 4, 5 & 6 UNTIL THE PROCESS END

STEP 8: END

 FLOWCHART

OUTPUT AND GRAPHS

CONCLUSION

IoT based SMART FARMING SYSTEM for Live Monitoring of Temperature and Soil Moisture has been proposed using Arduino and Cloud Computing . The System has high efficiency and accuracy in fetching the live data of temperature and soil moisture. The IoT based smart farming System being proposed via this report will assist farmers in increasing the agriculture yield and take efficient care of food production as the System will always provide helping hand to farmers for getting accurate live feed of environmental temperature and soil moisture with more than 99% accurate results. 

FUTURE SCOPE

Future work would be focused more on increasing sensors on this system to fetch more data especially with regard to Pest Control and by also integrating GPS module in this system to enhance this Agriculture IoT Technology to full-fledged Agriculture Precision ready product.