The aviation industry prioritizes safety and reliability above all else. In the unfortunate event of an aircraft incident or crash, understanding what went wrong is crucial to preventing future occurrences. This is where the Black Box, also known as the Flight Data Recorder (FDR) and Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR), plays a vital role. It records critical flight parameters and audio inside the cockpit, helping investigators analyze the sequence of events leading to the incident.

This project, “Black Box for Aeroplane,” is a simplified prototype inspired by the functionality of an actual black box. Using an ESP32 microcontroller, the system continuously monitors and records key environmental and operational parameters such as:

• Distance measurements using an ultrasonic sensor (for obstacle proximity or altitude-like simulation),
• Temperature and pressure using a BMP180 sensor,
• Voltage and current to simulate engine or power system monitoring,
• Relay and laser indicators for warning or alert simulations.

All recorded data is transmitted to the ThingSpeak IoT cloud platform, ensuring secure storage and easy access for post-event analysis. The system also provides real-time control and automation based on distance detection, making it responsive in dynamic flight-like conditions.

The proposed model offers a low-cost and effective way to replicate the data logging functionality of a black box, serving as an educational tool or a stepping stone for more advanced aerospace data systems.

COMPONENT USED

• Power Supply

• ThingSpeak Cloud

• Ultrasonic sensor

• BMP180

• Cutter

• 1-Channel Relay

• ESP-32 MCU

• Voltage Sensor

• Laser

• Current Sensor