Birds play a vital role in maintaining ecological balance by contributing to pollination, seed dispersion, and pest control. However, increasing urbanization, climate change, and habitat loss have posed serious threats to many bird species. Effective monitoring and conservation efforts are essential to protect these species and their habitats. Traditional bird observation methods are often labor-intensive, time-consuming, and can disturb the natural behavior of birds. To overcome these limitations, the Birdhouse Monitoring System provides a modern, non-intrusive, and efficient solution using IoT (Internet of Things) technology.

The Birdhouse Monitoring System is a smart setup installed in or around birdhouses to monitor environmental conditions, bird activity, and nesting behavior. It utilizes various sensors such as temperature and humidity sensors, motion detectors (PIR sensors), and cameras to collect real-time data. This data is transmitted wirelessly to a central server or cloud platform, allowing researchers, conservationists, and enthusiasts to observe birds remotely without physical presence.

The system can track when birds enter or exit the birdhouse, monitor nest occupancy, and detect changes in environmental conditions that could affect bird health and reproduction. Advanced systems may also include image recognition for species identification and data analytics to study behavioral patterns.

This project demonstrates the integration of embedded systems, wireless communication, and environmental science to support sustainable wildlife conservation. It not only reduces human disturbance but also enables long-term, consistent monitoring essential for research and protection of endangered avian species.

Components Used

•  Arduino Uno

• Temperature Sensor 

• Humidity Sensor 

• PIR Motion Sensor

• IR Sensor or Ultrasonic Sensor

• Camera Module 

• Light Sensor 

• MicroSD Card Module 

• Wi-Fi or GSM Module 

• Battery Pack / Solar Panel 

• IoT Cloud Platform (e.g., ThingSpeak / Firebase / Blynk) 

• LED Indicators / Buzzer 

• Enclosure and Birdhouse 

The Images used are for sample purposes only.