BRIEF INTRODUCTION
In modern livestock management, ensuring the health and safety of animals is crucial for productivity and welfare. The Cow Jacket project leverages the power of IoT and wearable sensor technologies to provide continuous, real-time monitoring of vital health parameters of cows. This smart jacket is embedded with multiple sensors to capture essential biometric data such as heart rate, blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), body temperature, and motion patterns, along with GPS tracking for location monitoring.
The heart rate and oxygen saturation are measured using the MAX30102 sensor, which employs photoplethysmography to non-invasively detect blood flow changes. Body temperature is monitored using the DS18B20 digital temperature sensor, allowing early detection of fever or illness. The MPU6050 accelerometer and gyroscope detect abnormal movements or falls that may indicate injury or distress. GPS tracking enables farmers to monitor the exact location of their livestock, which is especially useful for free-ranging or large herd management.
By integrating these sensors with the ESP32 microcontroller, the system can collect, process, and wirelessly transmit data over Wi-Fi to cloud platforms like Blynk and ThingSpeak. This enables remote monitoring via smartphone apps or web dashboards. Alerts such as fall detection can be sent immediately, enabling prompt response and intervention.
This IoT-based cow jacket not only enhances animal welfare by providing continuous health monitoring but also helps farmers reduce losses due to unnoticed illnesses or accidents, leading to better productivity and cost savings in livestock farming.
COMPONENTS LIST
| Component |
Description |
| ESP32 |
Microcontroller for processing and Wi-Fi |
| MAX30102 |
Heart rate and oxygen saturation sensor |
| DS18B20 |
Digital temperature sensor |
| MPU6050 |
Accelerometer and gyroscope for fall detection |
| GPS Module (e.g., Neo-6M) |
To track the real-time location of the cow |
| ECG Sensor (e.g., AD8232) |
To monitor heart electrical activity |
| Sound Sensor |
To detect environmental or distress sounds |
| Blynk Cloud |
IoT platform for remote data visualization |
| ThingSpeak |
Cloud platform for logging and analyzing sensor data |
| Jumper wires, breadboard, and power supply |
For connections and powering the device |
BLOCK DIAGRAM
WORKING
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The ESP32 microcontroller powers on and connects to the configured Wi-Fi network to enable cloud communication.
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The MAX30102 sensor continuously measures the cow’s heart rate and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) by shining infrared and red light through the skin and detecting blood flow changes.
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The DS18B20 temperature sensor reads the cow’s body temperature by detecting heat emitted from the skin.
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The MPU6050 accelerometer and gyroscope track the cow’s movements in real time to detect any sudden falls or abnormal activity patterns.
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GPS data is received through a GPS module and processed to determine the cow’s current geographic location with latitude and longitude.
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ECG and sound sensor data are periodically collected to monitor heart activity and ambient noise, which are sent to the ThingSpeak cloud platform for detailed analysis.
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All collected sensor data—heart rate, SpO2, temperature, fall detection status, and GPS coordinates—are sent to the Blynk platform via Wi-Fi to display on a smartphone app dashboard.
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If a fall is detected based on motion sensor data, an alert is sent immediately to notify the farmer.
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The system repeats these measurements at predefined intervals using timers to ensure continuous and up-to-date monitoring.
IMAGES USED ARE FOR SAMPLE PURPOSES!!!!!
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