Introduction

The Real-Time Arduino-Based Health Monitoring System is designed to continuously monitor essential physiological parameters such as body temperature, heart rate, and blood oxygen levels. With the rise in health awareness and the need for real-time patient monitoring, especially in rural or remote areas, low-cost and efficient solutions are in demand. This system utilizes biomedical sensors connected to an Arduino Uno to track patient vitals and display the values on an LCD screen.

This solution benefits hospitals, clinics, and home healthcare systems by enabling constant and non-invasive health monitoring. It can also alert caregivers through a buzzer when any parameter crosses a critical threshold, allowing immediate medical attention.

Working Principle

The system works by acquiring real-time biometric data from multiple sensors connected to the Arduino Uno. The process follows these steps:

1. The temperature sensor detects the body temperature.

2. The heartbeat sensor calculates the pulse rate by sensing blood flow in a finger.

3. The pulse oximeter sensor measures oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate.

4. The Arduino Uno processes analog/digital signals from these sensors.

5. The values are displayed on a 16x2 LCD for real-time visibility.

6. If any reading exceeds predefined limits, the buzzer sounds an alert.

This immediate and continuous monitoring setup ensures real-time awareness of a patient's condition.

Methodology

The methodology of this health monitoring system is structured as follows:

1. Sensor Data Acquisition

• Each biomedical sensor (temperature, heartbeat, SpO2) collects real-time data from the patient.

2. Signal Processing via Arduino

• The Arduino Uno reads analog/digital signals from the sensors.

• It processes and converts them into readable values (°C, BPM, SpO2%).

3. Data Display

• The processed data is displayed on a 16x2 LCD using the I2C module.

• It updates in real-time with refreshed readings.

4. Alert Mechanism

• A buzzer is triggered if any parameter falls outside of the normal range, indicating an emergency.

This methodology ensures an affordable, efficient, and easy-to-use health monitoring solution.

Components Used