Course Content

With the rapid advancements in robotics and automation, autonomous mobile robots have become increasingly important in various fields such as defense, healthcare, industrial automation, and daily life applications. One of the fundamental capabilities of an autonomous robot is the ability to navigate through its environment without colliding with obstacles. The Obstacle Avoiding Robot is designed to detect and avoid obstacles in its path using sensors and decision-making algorithms.

This project focuses on building a robot that uses ultrasonic sensors to continuously monitor its surroundings and adjust its direction accordingly. When an obstacle is detected within a predefined range, the robot changes its path to avoid a collision, enabling it to move safely and autonomously. The system offers a simple yet effective solution for navigation in dynamic or unknown environments.

Components Used

• Arduino Uno

• Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04)

• Servo Motor

• DC Motors with Motor Driver (L298N)

• Chassis with Wheels

• Battery Pack

• Jumper Wires and Breadboar

Key Features

• Autonomous obstacle detection and avoidance

• Real-time distance monitoring

• Compact and mobile robot design

• Efficient and low-cost hardware

• Ideal for indoor and basic outdoor navigation

Working Principle

The robot moves forward by default. It continuously checks for obstacles using the ultrasonic sensor. If an object is detected within a specific range, the Arduino processes the data and sends commands to the motor driver to stop or change direction—either turning left or right—based on obstacle location. Once the path is clear, it resumes forward motion.